Tylenol Case: 25 Years Later
Friday, September 28th, 2007![]()
September 29, 1982: Seven murders caused by cyanide-laced Tylenol capsules occur in the greater Chicagoland area… the crimes have never been solved. The ramifications of this crisis continue to impact manufacturers and marketers of consumer products around the world to this day.
The business repercussions for Tylenol-maker McNeil Consumer Products and its parent company Johnson and Johnson (J&J) compelled the U.S. pharmaceutical industry to ramp up the safety of their over-the-counter medicine packaging. From a branding perspective, J&J’s rapid response to the crisis, show of concern, reforms and restitution are credited with saving the Tylenol brand and inspiring public relations experts for years to come. Upon learning of the tainted medicine, J&J pulled over 30 million bottles from retail shelves nationwide as a precaution. This single move reportedly cost the company more than $100 million. The company responded quickly with press conferences to keep the public informed throughout the crisis. When it became apparent that tampering had occurred on the shelf, J&J overhauled their product packaging with the now industry-standard tamper-resistant seals and capsules.
As a result of these actions, Tylenol recovered more than 70 percent its market share within 5 months – a startling turnaround. And today, many business leaders point to J&J’s actions as the defining best practice for brand equity protection and crisis management.
Looking back, J&J management simply pointed to the company “Credo” as helping to inform their decisions and serve as their moral compass during the crisis. A key part of the credo reads: “We believe our first responsibility is to the doctors, nurses and patients, to mothers and fathers and all others who use our products and services.” James Burke, then CEO of J&J, was quoted at the time as saying that “By following our credo the path forward for us was obvious…”
The Tylenol story is still very relevant for today’s leaders. As Bill George, former CEO of Medtronic says, “Unless people go through the proper development at their company like Burke, they won’t be prepared to handle a crisis. Think about the plausible-deniability concept put forth by many of today’s executives. It’s nonsense. Burke didn’t know someone was putting cyanide into the bottles, but he acted on it.”
So what’s your credo? Let us know.

